Issues with SSD : rising CRC errors , freezing, sometimes read-only

Some time before May 11, 2017 you updated your SSD Firmware. However a new version was released in September 2017 and you should apply it using Windows.

Run fstrim to discard unused blocks in the file system:

$ sudo fstrim --verbose --all
/mnt/c: 16 EiB (18446744073709551615 bytes) trimmed
/mnt/e: 16 EiB (18446744073709551615 bytes) trimmed
/: 23.4 GiB (25132920832 bytes) trimmed

In my case the results for Windows 10 partitions /mnt/c and /mnt/e were out of this world. So I checked the files and no harm was done to the data.

Run fsck -f on your SSD after booting with a Live-USB when the partition is not mounted. Another option is running fsck -f from grub - How to fsck hard drive while hard drive is unmounted, using bootable USB stick?.

As mentioned in comments a bad SATA cable can cause errors. But as this answer points out, a loose connection can also cause errors. To rule out a bad/loose connection, remove the plugs from your SSD, blow compressed air over them and the male pins on the drive and firmly reseat the cables.

How much is your time worth?

The last question is how much is your time worth. Assuming you’ve spent 10 hours on this problem it works out to $5 / hour because many brand new 120GB SATA III SSDs can be purchased from ebay.com

Feb 23/2018 update

I read all the other answers tonight. One answer says to return it. But if you do and they find nothing wrong they’ll simply send it back and you’ll be without a drive for 2 weeks to 2 months.

Another answer says smartctl reports there is nothing wrong with the drive.

In this answer I suggested running fsck -f and you responded that no errors were reported.

Run fsck every boot

As a compromise between the negative answer (return it) and the positive answer (nothing is wrong), my inclination would be to run fsck on every boot. If an error is discovered the boot is paused and you can read the error message. To summarize the link use:

sudo tune2fs -c 1 /dev/sdX

Note: replace X with your drive letter, ie a, b, etc..

If after a month of no errors, change the value from 1 to 30 which is typical for most systems I believe. On a typical SSD the fsck will run quickly.

Clean and re-seat SATA cables

Others mentioned replacing the SATA cable which is problematic for a laptop. As a compromise consider unplugging all cables on the drive side, using compressed air on male and female ends and then plugging the cables back in firmly.